Lars Karlsson: CapacityNow

Italian media today reports that Zlatan Ibrahimovic on Thursday agreed to a return to AC Milan.

He will be presented over the weekend and will be available for play immediately. The contract is for 6 + 12 months with an option for an extension and an additional 12 months.

Zlatan played in Milan 2010-2012. he then won, among other things, the golden boot for lost goals in Serie A.

At a time when the multilateral system is under siege and media speculation about Brexit and whether the European Union is in decline is widespread, the African Union is quietly deepening economic, social, and political ties.

Africa has embarked on a journey of transformational change: while the international media may be portraying a dismal picture of Africans as refugees fleeing on boats, the reality is much different.

Economic integration is progressing. The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) in January 2018, and its ratification by 27 countries so far, is an important development milestone for the continent.

It has taken Africa almost 30 years since the signing of the Abuja Treaty in 1991 to reach this stage. But the continent cannot afford to wait another 30 years to translate AfCFTA and the potential it holds into reality.

Africa’s success at augmenting economic prosperity for all on the continent will depend critically on its capacity to transform AfCFTA into a catalyst for structural change and prosperity.

While the rest of the world has often felt captive to trade tensions between the world’s two largest economies, since July 2019 the 54 members of the African Union have entered the operational phase of AfCFTA, putting into action far-reaching plans to tear down barriers to trade and mobility on the continent.

With further alignment and improved coordination, AfCFTA has real potential to foster the development of robust regional value chains, which could increase intra-African trade.

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development’s (UNCTAD) Economic Development in Africa Report 2019 – Made in Africa, Rules of Origin for Enhanced Intra-African Trade notes that the establishment of AfCFTA could lead to a reorientation of trade towards the regional market, in the long-run associated with significant overall welfare gains, output, and employment expansions.

In fact, welfare and output gains could be significantly enhanced if AfCFTA negotiations also effectively address not just tariff-related issues, but also non-tariff barriers such as trade facilitation issues, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and rules of origin.

Overall, the relative sophistication of intra-African trade suggests that the regional market may offer a greater – and so far, largely untapped – scope for supporting economic diversification provided that AfCFTA is approached and implemented as an opportunity to enhance the consistency of Africa’s trade policy framework and structural transformation agenda.

The new Pan-African agenda goes beyond trade and value chains, however, and includes free movement of African citizens across borders for both work and leisure travel.

The African Union (AU) passport, aimed at facilitating the free movement of people on the continent, is beginning to gain momentum.

According to the African Development Bank’s Africa Visa Openness Report 2019, African visitors no longer need a visa to travel to a quarter of other African countries, whereas visa-free travel was only possible to a fifth of the continent in 2016. Currently, 21 African countries also offer e-visas to make travel more accessible.

Africa’s airspace is going borderless as well, with significant progress on the AU Single African Air Transport Market initiative launched in 2018.

Signed by 23 countries it makes it easier for Africans to travel across the continent. But this wider scope of borderless Africa can also go further in countering the false narrative around African migrants.

With deeper regional integration and cooperation, African countries must improve their migration management by developing tools and capabilities to more effectively measure movement of people.

UNCTAD’s Economic Development in Africa Report 2018 – Migration for Structural Transformation shows that, contrary to popular perception, international migration in Africa is primarily a continental phenomenon.

In 2017, more than half – 53 per cent – of Africa’s international migrants resided within the continent, many of them circulating within the same region. For many Africans, migration offers a chance at a better life for them and their families, with benefits extending to future generations and spanning both the countries of destination and origin.

Countries of destination for African migrants fill critical skill gaps as well as benefiting from improved productivity and increased output. Cote d’Ivoire – a leading migration destination on the continent – has reaped significant benefits from international migration. In 2008, international migrants’ contribution amounted to almost a fifth (19 per cent) of Cote d’Ivoire’s GDP.

Africa’s international migrants often acquire skills in destination countries that enable them to earn higher incomes and create better livelihoods for themselves and their families.

Migrants’ countries of origin gain from remittances, diaspora investment, nostalgia trade generated by migrants’ demand for products from their home countries, as well as knowledge, technology, and skill transfer from returning migrants.

For many African women, opportunities in domestic service, informal trade, retail, and other services have enabled them to earn incomes that improve their livelihoods, support their families, and contribute to poverty reduction.

Eliminating regulatory restrictions that hinder migrants from taking advantage of these opportunities is paramount for realising the benefits of a borderless Africa. Recognising low and semi-skilled migrants’ qualifications can enhance their employment prospects and mitigate deskilling – a challenge that some migrants face in destination countries.

The removal of preferences for nationals in Morocco and Rwanda’s temporary visa (H-4) for semi-skilled migrants are examples of measures that have enabled international migrants to take up employment legally and integrate in labour markets.

Ensuring legal protections for women who often work in vulnerable, unregulated employment in domestic service, informal trade and other services, and tackling gender-related security risks that inherently affect women’s migration journeys are also crucial.

Borderless Africa stands to reap further benefits from closer trade, industry, and migrant links among its countries. The geopolitical moment is opportune, the economic case is solid, and the domestic political stars seem aligned in most African countries. The time to capitalise on this potential for Africa’s youth to benefit from this $2.5 trillion promise is now.

Dr Mukhisa Kituyi is the secretary-general of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.

Source: EastAfrican

On January 31st 2020 the United Kingdom will leave the European Union. After a transition period of eleven months UK leaves the EU Customs territory and the Customs Union.

For me it is a moment of mixed feelings. As Swedish representative in the highest EU Customs policy group for many years in the past, I was sitting beside the UK delegation and we always worked closely together.

UK was our closest partner, we are likeminded countries normally having the same goals. It was a good cooperation and the work of that group contributed to the development of the Union Customs Code, the single market and the free movement of goods.

As a former EU representative I know that my colleagues from Sweden – and many other EU countries – will miss our UK friends in the EU work going forward.

At the same time I am a passionate democrat, I respect the view of the people and now people have spoken not only one time but also a second time in the general British election. For me this is fundamental and important.

Under the transition period to 31/12 2020 the two parties, UK & EU, will have to shape a) the future relations, b) the new Customs arrangements for one of the busiest borders in the world and c) the solutions of one of the most sensitives borders globally – all with an end goal of signing a modern free trade agreement (FTA). A challenging task, but not impossible (nothing is impossible), if there is political will.

It is time to change focus from challenges and problems – to a opportunities for both parties.

It is also time to move away from endless debates about ‘unicorns’, how difficult it is to this and that – or why other countries have not yet developed a certain solution that could be copy-pasted into the UK-EU situation.

Let me be clear, there are best practices elsewhere that can inspire and technical/technology solutions that can help.

Is there a perfect already existing solution? No. There is not.

No country has before left the most advanced customs cooperation ever has existed on this earth. Is it impossible to create a customs and border solution that works in a relatively short period of time? No, it is an opportunity.

The good news is that the international system, (legislation, conventions and standards) is prepared for new modern solutions.

We travel more, we trade more, we interconnect more. This is only the beginning.

Trade is good for the development of our societies, to grow our economies, to handle environment challenges, to create prosperity and to fight poverty.

Our future borders are bridges to our new trade superhighways highways.

We know how to do it. There are solutions based on the best practices that do exist and innovative projects that are run in different parts of the world that are fully in line with international standards and that is shaping the global, secure, transparent trading system of the next decades. It already exists.

We need to bring these models together, upgrade them to a optimal capacity and implement it in a structured, holistic and consistent way.

How can the fact of Brexit be used to find new creative solutions making the new relationship between UK and EU, a win-win for everybody involved? I am convinced that it can do exactly that.

This is the moment to create the next generation of Customs and Trade applications.

To do so we need political will, strong leadership and a step-by-step coordinated implementation. Is it possible? Yes. Is it necessary, absolutely.

Some people, some of them experts – some of them claim to be, are saying ‘it hasn’t been done before so it can’t be done’. This is ridiculous and not true. Is it complicated?absolutly – but not impossible.

This is new space. Like mankind, one time fifty years ago travelled to the moon.

President John F. Kennedy said: ‘We choose to do this not because it’s easy, but because it’s hard’. Twelve people have put their boots on the surface of the moon. This was also deemed as an impossible thing to do, until we did it.

When we developed the Autorised Economic Operator concept in Sweden 1998-1999 (The Stairway/StairSec), it was the first Compliance Management system for Customs. AEO is today the leading Customs and border risk management and segenenting model.

At the time people told me ‘it can’t be done’. ‘It will not work’. ‘It has never been done before’.

Today – 20 years later – more than one hundred countries have AEO programmes and almost one hundred thousand companies worldwide have received the AEO or Trusted Trader status. AEO contributes positively to the global economy and making the world a safer place.

“We choose to do this not because it’s easy, but because it’s hard”

JFK

Was it impossible to do? Did it take ten years to implement? Was it impossible to do since Governments are bad at change management? Was it impossible to do since Governments have a bad track record of developing big systems and models?

The answers to the questions above are ‘no’.

The first AEO programme took two years to desogn, develop and implement. The last three programmes in 2018 and 2019 we have designed, developed and implemented in less than twelve months. Was it easy, no. Was it complicated, yes. Experts said it was not possible, it has not been done before. Yet we did it.

Making the trade flows between EU and UK work is not flying to the moon, so naturally we can fox this.

They say crises is the mother of all innovations. Maybe it is true.

The goods volumes passing the English channel every day, minute and second are massive. So we do need partly new solutions.

This is the moment to implement the border processes and practices of the future – the drive-through Smart Border.

“They say crises is the mother of all innovations. Maybe it is true”.

One thing to remember is that we don’t have to design borders the same way as we did forty years ago when the present border model was introduced. All our borders is based on this model and we have tried to facilitate and secure the model since then.

However at that time, forty years ago, we had no pre-arrival information, no data exchange, no risk management, no intelligence tools, no surveillance tecniques, no track’n trace, no computers, no technology and no international cooperation. Today we have all of that – and we have forty more years of experience from using all of these tools. We know that these new models work since the tangible results are overwhelming.

So we know how to implement alternative arrangements that can manage the post-Brexit environment, both to handle the huge volumes crossing the English channel and the complicated situation of the island of Ireland.

How do we know this? Because we do it every day, in different places around the world.

Some problem oriented people say, ‘if these models exist and they are so good why have we not implemented them already?”

The answer is actually simple. You should have done that, but haven’t yet. We all should. Regardless of Brexit.

Just like many people in UK were not fully updated on how trade, customs and borders work in practice and how trade had developed into global integrated value chains over the last decade, it is (unfortunately) the same situation in the rest of the world.

As long as it works reasonly well it has not previosuly been a topic highlighted in news media or debated during election campaigns.

Costs for the public service are in many countries already high and investments have decades ago been done in infrastructure and IT systems. This has been the situation until Brexit emerged and the importance of effecient customs/borders processing became the headline of the news.

In fact, history shows in real numbers that investment in customs and border modernization, to enhance safe trade, is one of the best investments a nation can do.

Sometimes people ask me, ‘why haven’t you and other international experts said this before?’. We did, but few people listened.

In my role as Director of World Customs Organization some years ago, I travelled the world to meet Presidents, Prime Ministers and Finanace Ministers to explain that Customs and Border modernization is important and that one Euro/Pound/Dollar invested in this area – if correctly done – gives at least five back.

So is it possible to do this tremendous change in eleven months, during a transition period? My view based on my thirtyfive years of experience worldwide: Yes, it is.

Will it be easy? No, it will not. So don’t misunderstand me. We need to discuss openly and transperently the challenges ahead. We need to be honest and clear that this is a difficult task. The experts saying so have merit. The expert community need to come together to support this endevaour with contructive and creative advise.

We now need to negotiate and agree practical solutions, develop policies and frameworks, implement technical operationable models and SOPs.

The good news is that the international professional community know how this can be done.

It is time to conquer new space. To mobilize and unite Government institutions, the experts community and the private sector into a common task with a common goal.

“The future borders are bridges to trade superhighways highways”

If we manage to implement the next generation of border processing, we can actually turn away from problem mitigation and transform the negative mode into opportunity creation.

We need to see the possibilities of change as opportunities – instead of only see problems and an possibility to ‘shoot down’ constructive and creative ideas.

We need to create a win-win situation going forward, regardless of history, different views on Brexit and previous disagreements.

“Let’s focus on doing, instead of talking – a little less conversation, a little more action”

It is time to build the best border management process in the world. We need to do it together. We need to do it in eleven months. Let’s focus on doing, instead of talking – a little less conversation, a little more action.

Let’s start as soon as the Withdrawal Agreement Bill comes into force. There is no more time to waste. The necessary decisions need to made.

If we do this, we can create a new Customs and trade platform for the future, a benefit not only for United Kingdom and the European Union going forward, but the world economy for many years to come.

Nothing is impossible.